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How to Restore a Keypair from a Mnemonic

Many wallet extensions use mnemonics to represent their secret keys. You can convert the mnemonic to Keypairs for local testing.

Restoring BIP39 format mnemonics #

restore-bip39-mnemonic.ts

import { Keypair } from "@solana/web3.js";
import * as bip39 from "bip39";
 
const mnemonic =
  "pill tomorrow foster begin walnut borrow virtual kick shift mutual shoe scatter";
 
// arguments: (mnemonic, password)
const seed = bip39.mnemonicToSeedSync(mnemonic, "");
const keypair = Keypair.fromSeed(seed.slice(0, 32));
 
console.log(`${keypair.publicKey.toBase58()}`);
 
// output: 5ZWj7a1f8tWkjBESHKgrLmXshuXxqeY9SYcfbshpAqPG

Restoring BIP44 formant mnemonics #

restore-bip44-mnemonic.ts

import { Keypair } from "@solana/web3.js";
import { HDKey } from "micro-ed25519-hdkey";
import * as bip39 from "bip39";
 
const mnemonic =
  "neither lonely flavor argue grass remind eye tag avocado spot unusual intact";
 
// arguments: (mnemonic, password)
const seed = bip39.mnemonicToSeedSync(mnemonic, "");
const hd = HDKey.fromMasterSeed(seed.toString("hex"));
 
for (let i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
  const path = `m/44'/501'/${i}'/0'`;
  const keypair = Keypair.fromSeed(hd.derive(path).privateKey);
  console.log(`${path} => ${keypair.publicKey.toBase58()}`);
}